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過(guò)硫酸銨的用途和操作注意事項(xiàng)。過(guò)硫酸銨是白色結(jié)晶或粉末，無(wú)氣味。干燥純品過(guò)硫酸銨能穩(wěn)定數(shù)月，受潮時(shí)逐漸分解放出含臭氧的氧，加熱則分解出氧氣而成為焦硫酸銨。過(guò)硫酸銨易溶于水，水溶液呈酸性，并在室溫中逐漸分解，在較高溫度時(shí)很快分解放出氧氣，并生成硫酸氫銨。
The use and operation precautions of ammonium persulfate. Ammonium persulfate is a white crystalline or powder with no odor. Dry pure ammonium persulfate can stabilize for several months, gradually decomposing and releasing ozone containing oxygen when exposed to moisture, and decomposing into ammonium pyrosulfate when heated. Ammonium persulfate is easily soluble in water, and the aqueous solution is acidic. It gradually decomposes at room temperature and quickly releases oxygen at higher temperatures, generating ammonium bisulfate.
過(guò)硫酸銨的用途
The use of ammonium persulfate
1.檢定和測(cè)定錳，用作氧化劑。漂白劑。照相還原劑和阻滯劑。電池去極劑。用于可溶性淀粉的制備。
1. Verify and determine manganese as an oxidant. bleaching agents. Photographic reducing agents and blockers. Battery depolarizer. Used for the preparation of soluble starch.
2.用作醋酸乙烯、丙烯酸酯等烯類單體乳液聚合的引發(fā)劑，便宜，所得乳液耐水性較好。還用作脲醛樹(shù)脂的固化劑，固化速度快。亦用作淀粉膠黏劑的助氧化劑，與淀粉成分中的蛋白質(zhì)反應(yīng)提高粘接性，參考用量為淀粉的0.2%~0.4%。也用作金屬銅表面處理劑。
2. It can be used as the initiator of vinyl acetate, acrylate and other vinyl monomer lotion polymerization. It is cheap and the obtained lotion has good water resistance. It is also used as a curing agent for urea formaldehyde resin, with the fastest curing speed. Also used as a co oxidant in starch adhesives, it reacts with proteins in starch components to improve adhesion, with a reference dosage of 0.2% to 0.4% of starch. Also used as a surface treatment agent for metallic copper.
3.化學(xué)工業(yè)用作制造過(guò)硫酸鹽和雙氧水的原料,有機(jī)高分子聚合時(shí)的助聚劑、氯乙烯單體聚合時(shí)的引發(fā)劑。油脂、肥皂業(yè)用作漂白劑。還用于金屬板蝕割時(shí)的腐蝕劑及石油工業(yè)采油等方面。食品級(jí)用作小麥改質(zhì)劑、啤酒酵母防霉劑。
3. Used in the chemical industry as raw materials for manufacturing persulfates and hydrogen peroxide, as a polymerization aid for organic polymers and an initiator for vinyl chloride monomer polymerization. Oil and soap are used as bleaching agents in the industry. It is also used as a corrosive agent for metal plate etching and oil production in the petroleum industry. Food grade is used as a wheat modifier and beer yeast antifungal agent.
過(guò)硫酸銨的操作注意事項(xiàng)
Precautions for the operation of ammonium persulfate
過(guò)硫酸銨應(yīng)該密閉操作，局部排風(fēng)。操作人員必須經(jīng)過(guò)專門(mén)培訓(xùn)，嚴(yán)格遵守操作規(guī)程。建議操作人員佩戴頭罩型電動(dòng)送風(fēng)過(guò)濾式防塵呼吸器，穿聚乙烯防毒服，戴橡膠手套。遠(yuǎn)離火種、熱源，工作場(chǎng)所嚴(yán)禁吸煙。
Ammonium persulfate should be operated in a closed manner with local ventilation. Operators must undergo specialized training and strictly adhere to operating procedures. It is recommended that operators wear a hood type electric air supply filter dust respirator, polyethylene gas protective clothing, and rubber gloves. Stay away from sparks and heat sources, and smoking is strictly prohibited in the workplace.
過(guò)硫酸銨操作時(shí)避免產(chǎn)生粉塵。避免與還原劑、活性金屬粉末接觸。搬運(yùn)時(shí)要輕裝輕卸，防止包裝及容器損壞。禁止震動(dòng)、撞擊和摩擦。配備相應(yīng)品種和數(shù)量的消防器材及泄漏應(yīng)急處理設(shè)備。倒空的容器可能殘留有害物。
Avoid generating dust during ammonium persulfate operation. Avoid contact with reducing agents and active metal powders. When handling, it is important to load and unload with care to prevent damage to the packaging and containers. Vibration, impact, and friction are prohibited. Equip corresponding types and quantities of fire-fighting equipment and emergency response equipment for leaks. Empty containers may have residual harmful substances.