馬來酸酐又稱順丁烯二酸酐（MAH），簡稱順酐，是順丁烯二酸的酸酐，室溫下為有酸味的無色或白色固體，分子式為C4H2O3。順丁烯二酸酐以前用苯的催化氧化制備，但由于的緣故，現(xiàn)在大多用正丁烷氧化法制取。下面
順酐廠家來講講馬來酸酐的合成方法及儲運注意事項。
Maleic anhydride, also known as maleic anhydride (MAH), is the anhydride of maleic acid. It is a colorless or white solid with sour taste at room temperature, and its molecular formula is C4H2O3. Maleic anhydride was previously prepared by catalytic oxidation of benzene, but now it is mostly prepared by n-butane oxidation due to price. The maleic anhydride manufacturer will talk about the synthesis method of maleic anhydride and precautions for storage and transportation.
1、苯氧化法
1. Benzene oxidation method
苯蒸氣和空氣（或氧氣）在以V2O5－MnO3等為活性組分，α-Al2O3為載體的催化劑上發(fā)生氣相氧化反應(yīng)生成順酐。苯氧化法是順酐的傳統(tǒng)辦法，工藝技術(shù)成熟牢靠。
Benzene vapor and air (or oxygen) take V2O5-MnO3 as active components, α- Maleic anhydride is produced by gas-phase oxidation reaction on the catalyst supported by Al2O3. Benzene oxidation is the traditional production method of maleic anhydride, and the process technology is mature and reliable.
2、C4烯烴法
2. C4 olefin method
該法是以混合C4餾分中的有效成分正丁烯、丁二烯等為原料，和空氣（或氧氣），在V2O5－P2O5系催化劑作用下經(jīng)氣相氧化反應(yīng)生成順酐，其中正丁烯在反應(yīng)過程中先脫氫生成丁二烯，再氧化生成順酐。在反應(yīng)過程中，除生成主產(chǎn)物外，還副產(chǎn)生成一氧化碳、二氧化碳和水以及少量的乙醛、乙酸、丙烯醛和呋喃等，原料單耗高，收率低，該法已經(jīng)逐漸被淘汰。
This method uses the effective components of mixed C4 fraction, such as n-butene and butadiene, as raw materials, and air (or oxygen), to produce maleic anhydride through gas-phase oxidation reaction under the action of V2O5-P2O5 system catalyst, wherein n-butene is dehydrogenated to produce butadiene in the reaction process, and then oxidized to produce maleic anhydride. In the reaction process, in addition to the main products, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and water as well as a small amount of acetaldehyde, acetic acid, acrolein and furan are also generated as by-products. The unit consumption of raw materials is high and the yield is low. This method has been gradually eliminated.
3、苯酐副產(chǎn)法
3. Phthalic anhydride by-product method
在由鄰二甲苯苯酐時，能夠副產(chǎn)得到一定數(shù)量的順酐產(chǎn)品，其產(chǎn)量約為苯酐產(chǎn)量的5%。在苯酐中，反應(yīng)尾氣經(jīng)洗滌塔除去有機物后排放到大氣中，洗滌液為順酐和少量的苯甲酸、苯二甲酸等雜質(zhì)，經(jīng)濃縮精制和加熱脫水后得到順酐產(chǎn)品。
When phthalic anhydride is produced from o-xylene, a certain amount of maleic anhydride products can be obtained as a by-product, and its output is about 5% of that of phthalic anhydride. In the production of phthalic anhydride, the reaction tail gas is discharged into the atmosphere after the organic matter is removed by the washing tower. The washing liquid is maleic anhydride and a small amount of benzoic acid, phthalic acid and other impurities. The product of maleic anhydride is obtained after concentration, refining and heating dehydration.
4、正丁烷氧化法
4. N-butane oxidation method
正丁烷氧化工藝是以正丁烷為原料，在V2O5-P2O5系催化劑作用下發(fā)生氣相氧化反應(yīng)生成順酐。該工藝自1974年由美國孟山都公司實現(xiàn)工業(yè)化以來，由于原料價廉、對環(huán)境污染小以及歐美等正丁烷資源豐盛等起因而得到迅速的發(fā)展，代表了順酐工藝的發(fā)展趨勢。
The n-butane oxidation process takes n-butane as the raw material, and generates maleic anhydride through gas-phase oxidation reaction under the action of V2O5-P2O5 catalyst. Since its industrialization by Monsanto in 1974, the process has developed rapidly due to the low cost of raw materials, low environmental pollution and abundant n-butane resources in Europe, America and other countries, representing the development trend of maleic anhydride production process.
馬來酸酐儲運注意事項
Precautions for storage and transportation of maleic anhydride
1、運輸注意事項：起運時包裝要完整，裝載應(yīng)穩(wěn)妥。運輸過程中要確保容器不泄漏、不倒塌、不墜落、不損壞。嚴禁與氧化劑、還原劑、酸類、食用化學(xué)品等混裝混運。運輸途中應(yīng)防曝曬、雨淋，防高溫；
1. Precautions for transportation: the package shall be complete and the loading shall be stable during shipment. During transportation, ensure that the container does not leak, collapse, fall or damage. It is forbidden to mix and transport with oxidants, reducing agents, acids, edible chemicals, etc. During transportation, it shall be protected from sunshine, rain and high temperature;
2、儲存注意事項：儲存于陰涼、干燥、通風(fēng)良康復(fù)的庫房。遠離火種、熱源。保持容器密封。應(yīng)與氧化劑、還原劑、酸類、食用化學(xué)品離開寄存，切忌混儲。配備相應(yīng)品種和數(shù)量的消防器材。儲區(qū)應(yīng)備有合適的材料收容泄漏物；
2. Precautions for storage: Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated warehouse. Keep away from kindling and heat sources. Keep container sealed. It should be stored away from oxidants, reducing agents, acids and edible chemicals, and should not be stored together. Provide fire fighting equipment of corresponding types and quantities. The storage area shall be equipped with appropriate materials to contain the leakage;
3、包裝注意事項：化工中間體（氟草煙甲酯）農(nóng)藥中間體袋或二層牛皮紙袋外全開口或中開口鋼桶；化工中間體（氟草煙甲酯）農(nóng)藥中間體袋或二層牛皮紙袋外纖維板桶、膠合板桶、硬紙板桶；化工中間體（氟草煙甲酯）農(nóng)藥中間體袋外化工中間體（氟草煙甲酯）農(nóng)藥中間體桶（固體）；化工中間體（氟草煙甲酯）農(nóng)藥中間體桶（液體）。
3. Precautions for packaging: chemical intermediate (fluorouracil methyl ester) pesticide intermediate bag or two-layer kraft paper bag with full or middle opening steel drum; Chemical intermediate (methyl fluorouracil) pesticide intermediate bag or fiberboard barrel, plywood barrel and cardboard barrel outside the two-layer kraft paper bag; Chemical intermediate (fluorofenicol methyl ester) pesticide intermediate out-of-bag chemical intermediate (fluorofenicol methyl ester) pesticide intermediate barrel (solid); Chemical intermediate (methyl fluorouracil) pesticide intermediate barrel (liquid).
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The synthesis method of maleic anhydride and the precautions for storage and transportation will be explained here. Before operating the product, you must do a good job in the relevant safety precautions, put your own safety first, and then guarantee the quality of use. Come to our website for more matters http://www.am9k.com consulting service
