碳酸鈉的用途
Use of sodium carbonate
玻璃工業(yè)
Glass industry
玻璃工業(yè)是純堿的攝大消費(fèi)部門，每噸玻璃消耗純堿0.2t。碳酸鈉主要用于制作浮法玻璃、顯像管玻殼、光學(xué)玻璃、平板玻璃、瓶玻璃、高*器皿等。
The glass industry is a major consumer of soda ash, with 0.2T of soda ash consumed per ton of glass. Sodium carbonate is mainly used to make float glass, kinescope glass shell, optical glass, flat glass, bottle glass, high * utensils, etc.
化工冶金
Chemical Metallurgy
化工、冶金行業(yè)的操作空間往往環(huán)境不好，空氣混濁，使用重質(zhì)純堿可以減少堿塵飛揚(yáng)、降低原料消耗、改善勞動(dòng)條件，還可提高產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量，同時(shí)減輕堿粉對(duì)耐火材料的侵蝕作用，延長(zhǎng)窯爐的使用壽命。
The operating space in the chemical and metallurgical industries is often in a bad environment with muddy air. The use of heavy soda ash can reduce the flying of alkali dust, reduce the consumption of raw materials, improve working conditions, improve product quality, reduce the erosion of alkali powder on refractory materials, and prolong the service life of kilns.
金屬拋光
Metal polishing
無水碳酸鈉用于化學(xué)及電化學(xué)除油、化學(xué)鍍銅、鋁的浸蝕、鋁及合金的電解拋光、鋁的化學(xué)氧化、磷化后的封閉、工序間的防銹、電解退除鉻鍍層和退除鉻的氧化膜等，亦用于預(yù)鍍銅、鍍鋼、鍍鋼鐵合金電解液中。
Anhydrous sodium carbonate is used for chemical and electrochemical oil removal, chemical copper plating, aluminum etching, electrolytic polishing of aluminum and alloys, chemical oxidation of aluminum, sealing after phosphating, rust prevention between processes, electrolytic removal of chromium coating and oxide film of chromium removal, etc. it is also used in electrolyte of pre copper plating, steel plating and steel alloy plating.
食品制作
Food preparation
碳酸鈉用于食品工業(yè)時(shí)，可用作中和劑、膨松劑，如制造氨基酸、醬油和面制食品如饅頭、面包等;還可配成堿水加入面食中，增加彈性和延展性;碳酸鈉還可以用于味精。
When sodium carbonate is used in food industry, it can be used as neutralizer and bulking agent, such as amino acids, soy sauce and flour foods such as steamed bread and bread; It can also be mixed into alkaline water and added to pasta to increase elasticity and ductility; Sodium carbonate can also be used to produce monosodium glutamate.
碳酸鈉的危害
Harm of sodium carbonate
雖然碳酸鈉的用途良多，是重要的生活原料，但是碳酸鈉具有弱刺激性和弱腐蝕性，對(duì)于人體是有一定的危害的。直接接觸可引起皮膚和眼灼傷；吸入其粉塵和煙霧可引起呼吸道刺激和結(jié)膜炎，還可有鼻粘膜潰瘍、萎縮及鼻中隔穿孔；長(zhǎng)時(shí)間接觸其溶液可發(fā)生濕疹、皮炎、雞眼狀潰瘍和皮膚松弛；誤服可造成消化道灼傷、粘膜糜爛、出血和休克。但是過程中，碳酸鈉粉塵不可避免地會(huì)飛到空中，所以接觸該品的作業(yè)工人呼吸器官疾病發(fā)病率很高。
Although sodium carbonate has many uses and is an important raw material for production and life, it has weak irritation and corrosion, which is harmful to human body. Direct contact may cause skin and eye burns; Inhaling its dust and smoke can cause respiratory tract irritation and conjunctivitis, as well as nasal mucosal ulcer, atrophy and perforation of nasal septum; Contact with its solution for a long time can cause eczema, dermatitis, corny ulcer and skin relaxation; Ingestion by mistake can cause gastrointestinal burns, mucosal erosion, bleeding and shock. However, during the production process, sodium carbonate dust will inevitably fly into the air, so the incidence rate of respiratory diseases of workers exposed to this product is very high.
